What Are the Side Effects and Risks of IVF?

While IVF is generally safe, many people worry about the risks involved. Let’s talk honestly about the possible side effects and how common they really are.

Common Short-Term Side Effects

Mostly from hormone medications:

• Bloating

• Mood swings

• Headaches

• Abdominal discomfort

• Bruising at injection sites

These usually subside after treatment.

Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS)

A rare but serious risk where ovaries become swollen and painful.

• Occurs in ~1–5% of IVF cycles.

• Symptoms: severe bloating, nausea, rapid weight gain.

• Modern protocols significantly reduce risk.

  
  

Risks from Egg Retrieval

Rare complications:

• Bleeding

• Infection

• Injury to nearby organs

Most recover fully within a day or two.

Pregnancy Risks After IVF

• Slightly higher risk of multiples, which carries risks like preterm birth.

• Slightly increased risk of ectopic pregnancy.

• Some data suggest a minor increase in preeclampsia.

  
  

Does IVF Cause Cancer?

Current research shows no clear link between IVF and cancer. Early fears were largely unfounded.

Emotional Impact

Don’t underestimate the mental strain of IVF:

• Anxiety

• Depression

• Relationship stress

Counseling and support groups can help.

Bottom Line: IVF is safe for most people, but it’s wise to know the risks and talk with your doctor about concerns.